The most important part of thin-section making process. Hand-grinding stage: The most important part of thin-section making.
The performance of this part determines the whole quality of a thin-section. この手摺りは薄片作りにおいて,もっとも重要なパート
この作業の良し悪しが,薄片全体の作りの出来を左右する.
Usually, we use #800 carborundum + water on a glass plate. This is a part of traditional way.
However, a #600 diamond plate is used as an alternative.(Special thanks to Dr.K.Niida, https://www.apoi-geopark.jp/english/) 通常は手磨きは#800からであるが,ここでは最初に代替手法として#600のダイヤモンド砥石を用いることにする.これで研磨時間が短縮できる.
この手法は元北海道大学の新井田清信先生から教わった.
先生は現在アポイ岳地質研究所の所長をされていて薄片製作にも携わっておられます.https://www.apoi-geopark.jp/geological_institute/
Preparation
Abrasives and glass plates
#800 Carborundum 500g
#1500 Alundum 100g
Glass Plates 26x19cm 8mm thicknes x 2
#600 Diamond wet stone (the following photo, if possible)
1) #600 Diamond plate with water grinding (no additional abrasive) click to movie! This process can be shortened the total hand-grinding time.However, the diamond plate causes scratch lines, so this process should be ended for the section thickness reached at 0.05mm. #600のダイヤモンド砥石を水だけで用いる.これでかなり研磨時間を短縮できる.しかし擦り傷が残るので,0.05mm以上の薄片に適応するようにする.
A diamond plate and water. ダイヤモンドプレートと水だけで摺る.
A microscope images of the surface of #600 diamond plate,The height of the following rhombus shape is about 6.2mm. #600のダイヤモンドプレート表面の顕微鏡写真.下のひし形の高さが6.2mm.
Enlarged image. here you can see a big particle of diamond; this is a source of scratch lines (the following part).
拡大写真.ここで大粒のダイヤモンドが目に付く.これが後述する研削痕の原因である.
Scratch lines
you can see fine scratch lines on the minerals. so this process can not
complete the whole thin-section making procedure; This is because we
have to operate hand-grinding stages #800 and #1500, 研削痕
下記薄片にはよく観ると,細かい研削痕が残っている.ダイヤモンド砥石だけで薄片作りを完了できない理由.したがってどうしても#800と#1500の手摺りが必要となる.
2) #800 carborundum + water on a glass plate, use whole surface and not to limited area to avoid a recessed part. #800のカーボランダム+水:ガラス板の上で摺る.部分的な凹みを避けるために,全面を使用すること.
Through #320 to #800, the thickness of the thin-section must be reduced to 0.03-0.04mm.
This thickness can be checked the interference color (IC) of plagioclase and/or quartz under a polarized microscope.
The color of each mineral must get to grey instead of yellow at the final stage.
#320(機械)から#800(手摺り)を通じて,薄片の厚さは0.03-0.04mmに減らされる.その厚さは偏光顕微鏡下で長石や石英の干渉色でチェックする.
干渉色が最終的に灰色になるまで摺る.
Note: the changing timing of machine(#320) to hand(#800) grinding
depends on the rock hardness. Generally speaking, it lays 0.07mm to
0.15mm in actual thickness (not including glass and glue) .
A caliper measuring is useful of this decision; if you use IC colors,
the IC of quartz and/or feldspar; the timing is around purple to brown.
But the situation is changing case by case.
ノート:機械摺り(#320)から手摺り(#800)への切り替えのタイミングは,岩石の硬さに依存するが,一般的に言って薄片の真の厚さ(ガラス,接着
剤の厚みを含まない)で 0.07mm から 0.15mm
あたりだと考える.このあたりはノギスの測定でもかまわない.干渉色を頼りにする場合は,石英や長石の色が赤紫から,茶色になるあたりがベストか.ただし
この条件はケースにより異なる.
The following photos show the difference of ICs of such minerals versus thickness.
The sample is a tourmaline granite from Mts.Himaraya.
次の写真は厚さと干渉色の関係を示す.
サンプルやヒマラヤ(カンチェンジュンガ)の電気石花崗岩.大昔に登山隊の人からもらった.
The thickness of thin-section is measured by a digital caliper or a thickness gauge (the following photo).
The digital caliper is useful but not so precise.
次の写真は厚さに対する干渉色の変化を示す.
厚さは測定しやすいデジタルノギスで測定した(下のマイクロメータの方が正確).
The following photos show the interference color of quartz and plagioclase. The colors change coloful(thick) to grey(thin): this color change is quite important to estimate the thin-section thickness. This process has to be almost completed within the #800 hand grinding.
次の一連の写真は石英と斜長石の干渉色の移り変わりを示す.
干渉色が派手な色(分厚い)から灰色(薄い)への変化は,薄片の厚みを推定する上で極めて重要.
そして,この過程は#800での摺りの間に,ほぼ完成すべき.
total thickness (glass thickness)
1.41mm(-1.28mm)= 0.13mm thickness of thin-section
全厚み(ガラスの厚み)
1.41mm(-1.28mm)= 0.13mmが薄片の厚み
1.36mm(1.28mm)= 0.08mm thickness of thin-section 0.08mmが薄片の厚み
1.34mm(1.28mm)= 0.06mm thickness of thin-section 0.06mmが薄片の厚み
1.32mm(1.28mm)= 0.04mm thickness of thin-section 0.04mmが薄片の厚み
1.31mm(1.28mm)= 0.03mm thickness of thin-section 0.03mmが薄片の厚み
In the final photo, you can see all quartz and plagioclases lost yellowish ICs.
Where, colorful minerals are muscovites (white mica), and brown ones are biotites (black mica).
最後の写真で,ほぼすべての石英と長石は黄色みを失っている.
カラフルな干渉色は白雲母,茶色の鉱物は黒雲母である.
Total Gif animation is here (0.19mm to 0.03mm thickness)
Gifアニメーションを示す.ここで薄片の厚みは0.19mmから0.03mmに減る.0.03mmで完成
Another example (Gabbro, Murotomisaki, in this case, the ICs of plagioclases are changed instead of quartz)
他の例.室戸岬のはんれい岩(ここでは石英ではなく,斜長石の干渉色変化に着目)
After #800, the numbers show after #180, #320 and #800 thickness including glass and glue, descending order. Yakuno basalt.
#800を終えた薄片.数字は上から順に#180,#320そして#800終了時点の厚さ(ガラス,接着剤を含む).夜久野玄武岩.
Now, we can go to the final grinding stage!
The final grinding stage
#1500 alundum + water on a glass plate It is a stage
where only the surface's small roughness is made smooth instead of
reducing the thickness. The total time of this stage is limited to a few
minutes. Click image to video.